E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Internet business - Essay Example In this article, the writer guarantees that E-trade happens to be the electronic trade, it's a type of business where the offer of items and choices or the two organizations did about devices including the Web and other home Laptop or PC systems to additionally improve institutional fundamental execution. The advancement of online business has improved organization across countries. From when it turned out discharged, organizations have taken increase it to, upgrade paper online help items, improve their commercial center offer, grow benefit and scale down shipment time. Web based business was just non-existent in many parts inside the planet. In the 21st century, prompt improvement of data innovation and the quick increment in data trade have assisted with carrying new drives and imaginative plans to the total society. The wide appropriation of it by the network has brought about incredible changes. These are changes which affect how we speak with one another, how precisely we sort out our day by day exercises, how we instruct the more youthful age, and how we maintain the business venture. The turn of events and broad reception of it, PC arrange, and the Internet have changed the technique for activity of a few organizations, and simultaneously have brought along extraordinary work at home chances. Organizations are presently in a situation to lead adventures across geological limits. This is perhaps the best expositions about E-trade. Hustle just a bit and get this most noteworthy A potential work just now!... Nonetheless, this segment is profoundly serious in light of the fact that the boundaries or expenses of entering the web e-tail advertise are not many, which caused numerous little e-tail amasses come up on the web. Turning out to be beneficial and enduring is hard for e-rears without brand name or experience since they face the test of separating the business from the current stores or sites. Internet business new companies that plan to procure cash by offering content face challenges except if they have special sources other substance suppliers can't access since the conventional substance suppliers direct the vast majority of this business class. Too, rivalry among online exchange agents has been savage over the most recent couple of years with new participants like E*Trade, Datek and Schwab offering all the more engaging proposals to customers. Market prospect for online market makers is huge for firms with money related assets and promoting plans for drawing in satisfactory purc hasers and dealers to the commercial center. Therefore, new firms wanting to make a market need forceful marking and mindfulness projects to draw adequate clients like huge electronic firms like Amazon that influence huge client base and start sell off. The upside of B2C is that it bases on trustworthy physical frameworks, information on buyer inclinations, culture and language, brand acknowledgment and trust (â€Å"E-trade Business Models†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , 2009; Nemcova, 2011). The greater part of the income in web based business include business-to-business (B2B) despite the fact that most open consideration center around B2C since the majority of B2B is concealed by normal shopper. E-merchant organizations like W.W. Grainger gracefully items and administrations to singular organizations in this way e-wholesalers are claimed by an organization that tries to serve different clients. More items and

Great Britain and the Industrial Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

Extraordinary Britain and the Industrial Revolution For what reason did Great Britain lead the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century changed Europe until the end of time. At the front of this change was Great Britain, which utilized some normal points of interest and huge reasoning and advancement to turn into the pioneer of the Industrial Revolution. To begin with, Britain had some enormous regular qualities. It was normally blessed with numerous stores of coal and iron metal, which were utilized vigorously in the beginning periods of plant creation. What's more, Britain was arranged at a basic point for worldwide exchange. Its situation between the United States and the remainder of Europe permitted them to have a genuine effect in all issues of exchange. In like manner, a large number of traversable conduits, simple access to the ocean, and a gentle atmosphere all added to the beginning of industrialism. England's geography was helpful for industrialism since its decent variety took into account the creation of numerous horticultural items, forestalling any kind of deficiency or starvation. Evans comments, â€Å"Each single such favorable position could be imitated in other European nations and some could be complemented, yet no other country appreciated such a rich mix of normal bounties† (111). Moreover, the country wa s liberated from many exchange duties that hampered industry in other European countries while including a genuine open door for upward development in the public arena which gave an incredible motivating force to securing riches. England likewise experienced gigantic populace development which gave a potential workforce just as an expansion in the interest for merchandise. Notwithstanding these common resources, there was additionally extraordinary development and mechanical development in Britain. One of the b... ...not on governments, however on men of activity, assurance, aspiration, vision, genius, resolve, and (not inconsistently) great, legitimate greed† (117). The Industrial Revolution, drove by Great Britain, incredibly changed the current disposition of frailty towards nature to one of intensity since now individuals had the option to deliver enough merchandise and food to help the growing populace. The capacity to deliver an excess that emerged from the progressing industrialization implied that individuals no longer needed to stress over nature and its consequences for the economy. The Industrial Revolution drove by Great Britain drastically changed Europe's social and monetary lifestyles and gave the force to the gigantic advancement of the nineteenth century. Work Cited Evans, Eric J. The Forging of the Modern State: Early Industrial Britain. London and New York: Longman, 1996.

I Love Discontents A Starter Course in Experimental Feminist Literature

I Love Discontents A Starter Course in Experimental Feminist Literature With the recent-ish news that Amazon has ordered a half-hour comedy pilot for Chris Kraus’s seminal (SORRY, COULDN’T HELP MYSELF) 1997 experimental feminist novel, I Love Dick, a person with a great love for passionately weird and beautifully eccentric feminist literature cannot be blamed for a sudden sense of hope that perhaps the time has finally arrived when everyone will be reading great, gorgeous, and boundary-crushing books. Well, okay, maybe that person isn’t holding her breath, but there’s no better moment than the present to brush up on some fundamental contemporary feminist texts. If nothing else, an exhaustive knowledge of experimental and postmodern feminist fiction is an extremely useful party trick when some dude starts going off about David Foster Wallace (“not Infinite Jest, the essays”) for the fourteen thousandth time. In no particular order, here’s a handful of gloriously weird books that will make you think harder and prettier, cross my heart, and Iv e got lots  more recommendations where these come from if anyone is interested in a follow-up post. Renee Gladman’s Ravicka novels: Danielle Dutton’s magical press Dorothy: A Publishing Project is a constant source of genre-defying books that use language in brilliant, beautiful ways (seriously, her entire list is GOLD), and Renee Gladman’s Ravicka novels are particularly ravishing examples. In one, a mysterious linguist, fluent in Ravic, narrates her journey through the strange, constantly shifting country of Ravicka. In another, a Ravickian recluse does her best to get to a poetry reading, with unexpected results. Gladman’s wild, beautiful books echo bits of Borges and Samuel R. Delany, but build their eerie worlds with a sensibility entirely Gladman’s own. As a special bonus prize, once youve gone through the entire Dorothy catalogue, you can move on to Duttons own novels, which are as sharp and dazzling  as the work she publishes. Oreo  by Fran Ross: First published in 1974â€"into a landscape that was definitely, totally not ready for itâ€"and happily reissued in 2015 by New Directions, Oreo is a criminally neglected and totally hilarious knockout of a novel that uses fantastically inventive language games, pyrotechnic virtuosity, and maliciously dark humor to tell the deliberately absurdist Theseus-esque story of a half-black, half-Jewish girl’s search for her MIA father. There are puns, there’s unbelievable wordplay, jokes in multiple languages, a narrative that veers wildly from uproariously funny to, in places, utterly impenetrable; Oreo is subversive, queer, relentlessly intelligent, and gleefully challenging. Perfect for people who really meant to make it through Thomas Pynchon but never quite bothered to get very far because Thomas Pynchon isn’t actually that fun. (Cough, cough.) Commentary  by Marcelle Sauvageot (translated by Christine Schwartz Hartley and Anna Moschovakis): Pretty much a sadder, sharper I Love Dick without the husband, written by a dying Frenchwoman in the early twentieth century. Beloved by her Surrealist besties at the time, Sauvageot fell into obscurity after her death, but Commentary  will ring solid for fans of Maggie Nelson’s Bluets and Chris Kraus herself. (Translator Anna Moschovakis’s own work is another great body of experimental prose-poetry-theory-memoir to check out.) Inferno: A Poet’s Novel  by Eileen Myles: Myles is having a Serious Moment right now, but if you’re unfamiliar with her work, Inferno is hands-down my favorite out of all her books (though Cool For You and Chelsea Girls were game-changers for me as a baby queerdo). Inferno’s a more or less autobiographical detour through the hip, bro-heavy poetry scene of 1970s New York, punctuated with acerbic observations, bad behavior, and hot sex. Myles can swerve from devastatingly funny to just plain old devastating in a single sentence; her language in Inferno is precise, snarky, and often stunning, and anybody’s who’s ever tried to pass herself off as one of the boys in order to survive as a girl will find page after page of, let us say, highly relatable material.

What Is Literature Essay - 689 Words

Charmine J. Cramales BS Math II Lit 3 10:30 – 12:00 What is Literature? Poems, novels, and stories; these are some of the things that first came to my mind upon pondering on the question What is Literature?. And just lately I have known that literature also includes songs, speeches, plays, and many others in written and spoken forms. I have also known that things that are produced out of creative imagination can be referred as literary works which are the ones that comprise literature. Considering this description of what literature is, the coverage of literature seems very puzzling. If literary works are those produced out of creative imagining, then it would directly point to fictional works. But then, there are also†¦show more content†¦Take for example the views of two individuals coming from different places on a novel based on the culture of one. It would likely be the same if their culture and beliefs are quiet related but if not, then they would surely have different understandings on certain parts of that novel. Hence, defining literatu re as those considered by people as ‘literature’ is questionable. Eagleton also associated literature as any kind of works which are valued highly by people. But then again, since people may have different perceptions on things, one may value highly a certain work while another person may consider it just as a plain writing. As stated by Ms. Pinzon, a literature professor, a personal letter can be an example of this. The recipient of the letter can be expected to really value the letter while her classmate may not. Hence, this can’t define literature as a whole. Then, what really is literature? Many great critics have tried formulating a fixed definition of literature but have failed to do so. In the rise of every possible definition of what literature is, counter arguments also rise. Literature, though it seems impossible to enumerate everything it covers, play an important role in every individuals life. One can influence using literature or be influenced by it. Examples of these are the novels made by our very own national hero, Jose Rizal – the Noli Me Tangeri and El Filibusterismo. During his time, Rizal hasShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Literature? Essay1778 Words   |  8 PagesSince the 18th century, the definition of the concept literature has become a problematic and a controversial issue among various literary schools. What is literature? What are the qualities that distinguish a literary text from a non-literary one? Does literature have any particular function in society? These are some crucial questions whose answers were supposed to limit and define the scope of literature. However, various literary and critical schools have advanced different and contradictoryRead MoreWhat Is Literature Review?3725 Words   |  15 Pages 4. What is literature review? Discuss in not less than 2000 words Introduction: as a general rule, researchers should first investigate previous research to see whether or not others may have already addressed similar research problems and must acquaint themselves with the relevant literature. Literature review is used to help the researcher link concepts from other sources to his or her research, a good literature review require a balance. A literature review often forms part of a larger researchRead MoreWhat Is Literature Writing?2296 Words   |  10 Pagesdistinguishable from other pieces of writing by their creative, or artistic intent. A piece of literature differs from a specialised treatises on astronomy, political economy, philosophy, or even history, in part because it appeals, not to a particular class of readers only, but to men and women; and in part because, while the object of the treatise is simply to impart knowledge, one ideal end of the piece of literature, whether it also imparts knowledge or not, is to yield aesthetic satisfaction by the mannerRead MoreEssay on What Is Literature and Why Study Literature711 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is Literature? Why Study Literature? At often times, literature is thought of as lackluster works and long books and passages. People often think that literature is one thing, not knowing that it is in actuality composed of several elements that we all use in our daily lives. In order to get a clear understanding of exactly what literature is, we must first identify the definition. According to Merriam- Webster, literature is defined as the body of written works produced in a particularRead MoreWhat Is The Concept Of Change In Literature1627 Words   |  7 Pagesbook is deeper and how the author uses right describing details. Also the effective story-writing of Walter Dean Myers.  Character Theory Chapter â€Å"The Greatest, Muhammad Ali† by Walter Dean Myers, the book is about Muhammad Ali and his life what he did. I think the character theory is not just Ali boxing throughout the book, its also about him standing up to segregation and the Vietnam War. One peice evidence that supports my theory. Is because of his religion he shouldn’t have to go toRead MoreLiterature Review on What Is Strategy1840 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Michael Porter (1996) literature ‘what is strategy’; one of the concept of the organization strategy can be understood as being â€Å"different† from the competitors and so with the different end outcome and added value to the organization as a long-term advantages. It means that, an industry or organization could be operated in a different way than it`s competitor, which will allow to achieve long-term value creation. In other words; strategy can be understood as, what are the organization uniqueRead More What Christian Literature Is Essay4677 Words   |  19 PagesWhat Christian Literature Is Lewis here writes about Christianity and literature, specifically what is Christian literature and how does it differ with secular literature. He read this paper to a religious society at Oxford fairly early in his Christian walk. The question he seems to be answering is, What is Christian literature? His main argument is that the rules for good literature are the same for both Christian and non-Christian. He writes, The rules for writing a good passion play orRead MoreWhat Does Ethnic Literature Mean?994 Words   |  4 PagesWhat does ethnic literature mean? We all have some ethnicity in us that is different than the rest, so doesn’t that mean that all of our literary contributions make up that of American ethnic literature? Before the Civil War, many of the minority people of America started writing poems, songs, and other types of literature that helped describe what life was like in America as an outsider in the â€Å"white† world. These writings became the beginnings of what is now called American ethnic literature.Read MoreWhat ´s a Literature Review? Essays1818 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction A literature review is a study written by someone on a specific topic by researching relevant literature available and interpreting it (Aveyard, 2010). A research question is developed and by using relevant literature the question is analysed in detail (Aveyard, 2010). The literature review is important because it gives you a shorter version of all relevant literature on the topic chosen, this is so the reader does not have to access the number of literatures used (Aveyard, 2010).Read MoreLiterature Is Not Only What We Read, Reflecting On The1522 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature is not only what we read, reflecting on the context in which it is written in. The role of value of judgement in the reading of literature is almost part of the world, involving systems of valuations between literary texts and authors. Value of judgement is between the rightness and wrongness of something or someone in context with the utility of importance. The value of judgement in the reading of literature is much more complicated, pointing out the

The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock - 1647 Words

The lives of many people are often dictated by their mindset, the fixed disposition or emotional outlook of their current situation. Sitting at the bright end of the spectrum, there are optimist who see the best in everything; thus creating a positive outlook and the mindset to accomplish any goal. However, most people succumbed to a pessimistic point of view. It results in a fear of the unknown, and a sense of meaningless throughout their daily lives. Simple actions such as communication become frustrating tasks, causing many to avoid the situation to protect their emotional well being. This mindset can be seen in T.S. Eliot’s work The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The main character, Prufrock, plans to ask the woman he loves the†¦show more content†¦Eliot’s conservative nature caused him to dislike the cheerfulness and optimism of the nineteenth century, and preferred damnation rather than the ugly sight of modern civilization. The Eliot and Prufrock dà © doublement can be seen in the depiction of the setting. The streets are described as half deserted, containing cheap hotels and sawdust restaurants, with yellow smoke engulfing the entire city. The negative depictions of the setting show Eliot’s dislike of rising urbanism and Prufrock’s pessimistic views. Eliot uses this style of writing to explore and freely express his own mind. In Tradition and the Individual Talent, Eliot states that â€Å"private emotions might be intense or painful enough to make it seem necessary to escape from them,† where ‘escape from’ is interpreted as ‘express.’ (Smidt 91) Eliot had a strong desire to reveal his subconscious and private emotions, but â€Å"the full understanding was not meant for the general reader.† Through this creative technique Eliot is able to introduce a character, whose attributes are not as immediately recognizable as the poet, and utilizes this character as a mask or disguise to express some private emotion. In addition, Elisabeth Cardonne-Arlyck’s Mind Your Tongue: Autobiography and New French Lyric, the author creates the perspective to use the character Prufrock as a mobile mask that transforms into existential reality. By connecting Eliot’sShow MoreRelatedThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock970 Words   |  4 PagesNever in Love When reading the title of T.S Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† it is believed we are in store for a poem of romance and hope. A song that will inspire embrace and warmth of the heart, regretfully this is could not be further from the truth. This poem takes us into the depths of J. Alfred Prufrock, someone who holds faltering doubt and as a result may never come to understand real love. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† takes us through Prufrock’s mindset and his self-doubtingRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1072 Words   |  5 Pages We may never be given a second chance to do something daring ever again so we seize the day! However, people like in J. Alfred Prufrock make the attempt to do but it doesn’t work. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† written by T.S. Elliot, essentially is about a simple man that wishes to ask a question, although the question is never revealed, the reader is taken on journey the with the speaker, only to find that they have spent a lengthy amount of time of their lives without ever asking theRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Voices Wake Us and We Drown’: Community in ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’,† James Haba contends that the repeated use of â€Å"you†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"us† in T. S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† creates a personal ambience around the reader and Prufrock. Because of this, Haba argues that Eliot’s use of personal pronouns and references produces a sense of community and intimacy between the reader and Prufrock (53), even though Prufrock seemingly struggles with emotions of intimacy andRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock915 Words   |  4 PagesThe Love Song of Alfred Prufrock: Taking the Love out of Song A tragedy in a poem is usually characterized as an event that has a tragic or unhappy ending. They generally are used to teach morals or lessons. T.S. Eliot’s, â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†, is considered a tragedy because of the way Eliot uses four different writing styles: word choice, figurative language, images, and biblical allusions. Using these styles, Eliot acknowledges the tragic endeavor of single, reclusiveRead MoreThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock The dramatic monologue â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock was written by Thomas Stearns Eliot and published in June of 1915. Eliot was born in St Louis, Missouri on September 26, 1888, where he grew up and lived until the age of eighteen. After high school, Eliot studied at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA and the Sorbonne in Paris, France. Eventually, Eliot ended up in England where he married his wife Vivien and spent the remainder of his lifeRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1125 Words   |  5 Pagesmodernism. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, despite being one of T.S Eliot s earliest publications, still manages to remain one of the most famous. He uses this poem to not only draw out the psychological aspect of members of modern society, but also to draw out the aspect of the time that he lived in. The speaker of this poem is a modern man who feels alone, isolated, and incapable of making decisive actions for himself. Prufrock desires to sp eak to a woman about his love for her, but heRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock986 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T. S. Eliot and Dover Beach by Matthew Arnold the poets utilizes poetic devices to convey their respective themes. Through use of symbols and metaphors, the speaker in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock displays his fears of the changes brought with the younger generation, and isolation from the changing society. The speaker in Dover Beach, utilizes symbols, metaphors, and similes to state that the younger generation has less faith than the older, and societyRead MoreThe Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock1966 Words   |  8 Pagessymbolism to capture the readers attention in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The poem has a dramatic discourse. The percipience of lifes emptiness is the main theme of the poem. Eliot exhorts the spiritual decomposition by exploring a type of life in death. T. S. Eliot, who in the Clark Lectures notes, Real Irony is an expression of suffering(Lobb, 53), uses irony and symbolism throughout the poem to exemplify the suffering of J. Alfred Prufrock who believes he is filled with spiritual morbidityRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1005 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† published in 1915, was written by a man named T.S. Eliot. The speaker of the poem begins to describe an evening that appears to be somewhat romantic and a little mysterious. As the reader progresses into the poem, the mood soon fades and the reader starts to figure out that this evening is not what they pictured. â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is a poem written by Robert Frost. The poem was first published in 1927. The speaker of the poem has a similar mood asRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay990 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Elliot is in part a satire. It was written in the form of a dram atic monologue delivered by the poem’s speaker, J. Alfred Prufrock. It begins with him asking an unknown â€Å"you† to accompany him on a walk. The two walk through town and stumbles upon women talking about Michelangelo at a social event. The women’s bare arms and long dresses show off their knowledge of art. Prufrock wishes to talk to the women and is attracted to them sexually but he is afraid

How to Teach Language Through Poetry Free Essays

The use of literature in the EFL classroom through three different perspectives. Exploring poetry as a strong option.. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Teach Language Through Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of the time literature is mainly related to reading and writing, but it may play the same meaningful role in teaching speaking and listening if we design creative activities. Teachers can use literature in the classroom for different purposes such as reading aloud and dramatizing a poem, teaching pronunciation, and many other activities. There are many advantages of using literature in the EFL classroom. To talk about the general advantages of literature can be a broad approach thus; we will not focus on them. Instead, we will have a look at the benefits from three different perspectives: literature as genuine and authentic material, as a good language source and as a bridge to get the learner interested and also, we will mention poetry as a strong option to develop students’ skills. MATERIAL Literature is authentic material that makes students travel to foreign countries and fantastic worlds. This keeps our students motivated and promotes favorable attitude toward learning. Poems, novels, and stories can bring powerful emotional responses to the classroom. Furthermore, students can relate their own real lives to the stories they read. Literary texts help EFL students to improve language learning. However, literature by itself is not enough; teachers need to use imaginative techniques for integrating literature work with language teaching. It is also necessary to bring motivating methodology and to choose the right material to keep students interested. LANGUAGE Language is the most prominent feature of literature. Through literature students learn about syntax and discourse, different structures, functions, and the different ways of connecting ideas, all these help students to develop their writing, listening, reading and speaking skills. As they use literature they learn about language structure without even noticing, this helps to develop their communicative competence, what as we know, is the ultimate aim of English learning. LEARNER In the classroom the use of literature encourages learners to get involved ith the stories they read or hear; the understanding of the words becomes less important as they get involved in trying to figure out what is happening with a character or the end of a story. Students may also like using literature if the activities are oriented towards enjoyment and creativity instead of memorizing or following grammatical rules. Literature can be seen as the bridge between the learner and the culture of the people whose language they are studying; in order to get the l earners interested in the culture, we have to carefully select the literary texts according to their interests and level of comprehension. WHY DO WE USE POETRY WITH THE LANGUAGE LEARNER? Poetry is a short piece of imaginative writing, of a personal nature and laid out in lines. In this sense, poetry is a product of the language and a tool to teach it, a tool to teach grammatical clues and a product when students make a composition of any topic. Most of the poems include metaphors. Students can use cognitive skills by making comparisons between two different things and finding their similarities. The figures of speech used in poetry such as metaphors, similes and personifications help students to have a better understanding of the use of language in an unconscious way. Poetry is a way for teaching and learning basic skills. It can be used as an enjoyable and a rewarding tool with the properties of rhyming and rhythm. It helps students to easily learn with the supra-segmental aspect of the target language, such as stress, pitch, intonation. Using poetry while teaching English can have many benefits: * It encourages creative writing. * It helps students appreciate sounds words and patterns. * It develops phonic skills. * It makes students express feelings and opinions. * It provides a great opportunity to play with language. It reinforces the ability to think and to experiment with students’ understanding of the world. * It helps to acquire vocabulary, creativity and imagination. * it reveals, restates, reinforces and affirms those things which we think are true. * It gives the chance to discover and explore the use of the language. * It generates collaborative activities (pair and group work). Poetry and the four skills We can develop the fou r skills while using poetry: Poems are good to reinforce grammar structures and to improve writing abilities, bringing out creativity and rhythm in the classroom since students have to use their imagination to write. Also, poems help to develop oral and mental capacities. They should be read aloud to reinforce the student’s phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, and vocabulary as well as to sharpen their receptive language skills by learning rhyming, sounds, stresses, pauses, alliteration and syllables. Ideas for using poetry in the classroom * Discussing the theme of a poem and writing out personal experiences related to the theme. * Deducing meanings from the context. * Completing a paraphrase of a poem (cloze-style). * Choosing the best paraphrase among a few. Predicting what’s coming next after reading only one verse at a time. * Ordering jumbled stanzas or lines in the correct sequence. * Rewriting a part of a poem in one’s own words and ideas to offer different messages. * Filling an omitted word, phrase, or line in relation to its context. * Discussing similarities and differences between poems of the same subject or theme. * Identifying any aural or musical qualities i n the poem (rhyme, alliteration, and simile). * Reading aloud poems (choral reading) and making a song. This teaches intonations and stress. Using visuals images such as paintings to help pupils envisage settings, historical periods, etc. * Imitating o parody the style of poem. * Acting the poem: mime, role play, performance, etc. * Making a peer or group composition, writing together. Useful Web sites www. readwritethink. org/lessons/lesson_view. asp? id=391 www. poetryteachers. comh www. poetry4kids. com www. poetryzone. co. uk www. michellehenry. fr/poems. htm www. poemhunter. com www. tooter4kids. com/classroom/poetry_in_the_esl_classroom. htm www. teachingenglish. org. uk/think/literature/poems_prod. html http://www. youtube. com/user/b4uguy#g/u Conclusions Using poetry in the classroom is a great tool, but we cannot forget that we have to choose the right material, so students can maximize their learning. It has to be interesting and adequate for each student level, reading ab out new things is usually interesting for students. Learners will benefit from literature; we are responsible of putting in touch our students with material that catches their interest, so they want to read and listen more, which turns out in further and richer learning. Also, it can create opportunities for personal expression as well as reinforce learner? s knowledge of lexical and grammatical structure giving the opportunity to develop their communicative and cognitive skills. Many teachers think that including poetry in the EFL classroom can be a very heavy and useless work. However, we have analyzed some of the benefits that working with poetry can bring to the learning process. Also, we pointed that not only it is useful but also, students can have great fun if we choose the correct activities and poems. How to cite How to Teach Language Through Poetry, Essay examples

Evolution of Transportation free essay sample

Transportation is a very important part of history, today and the future. Transportation is what his world runs on. Because of transportation many people and businesses are able to survive. But transportation does not just involve business; it can also be for personal means. Think of how mail is delivered or packages are shipped. In one way or another some sort of transportation was involved. But is transportation as important as it was back in the 19th and 20th century when we didn’t have technology like we do today? Technology today has eliminated transportation in the sense that mail does not have to be sent by carrier anymore, if can be sent over the internet. But when we look at transportation in the 19th and 20th century we can definitely see that it changes over the course of history and every day, month or year we progress into a forward motion and we can see that transportation literally wrote history. In this paper I am going to explore and compare how transportation evolved in the world. I will focus on United Kingdom and the United Stated in the 19th and 20th century and show major comparisons on how transportation wrote history and how far the US and UK have come from where they were then to what it is like now. What is the first thing you think of when you hear transportation and history? Like many and me, we think of steam engines, which lead to railroads, railroads lead to coal, coal leads to mining, and it goes on from there. From a brief overview we are all correct. Steam locomotives transformed the industrial revolution. The first steam engine concept was funded by a gentleman by the name of Samuel Homfray but the idea was conceived by Richard Trevithick. â€Å"On February 22, 1804, the locomotive hauled a load of 10 tons of iron, 70 men and five extra wagons the 9 miles between the ironworks at Pen-y-Darron in the town of Merthyr Tydfil, Wales to the bottom of the valley called Abercynnon. It took about two hours. † (Bellis) Although Trevithick had the original idea for this locomotive engine, it was used in what is a called a tramway locomotive which was used for the road, not the railway. George Stephenson is considered to be the inventor of the first steam locomotive engine for railways. â€Å" (Bellis) Stephenson, very poor and uneducated growing up taught himself to read and write and because of this self-motivation lead him to becoming a colliery engine builder. Hired by the Stockton and Darlington Railway line, he would eventually be known for the building the company’s first steam powered locomotive, as the company engineer and would name it the â€Å"Locomotion† in 1814. While all this compelling revolution was taking place in England a gentleman by the name of John Stevens was making history in the US and was recognized as the â€Å"Father of American railroads. † Previous to Stephenson perfecting his locomotive in England Stevens was experimenting on his estate in Hoboken, New Jersey three years prior, which gave him the experience he needed to obtain the first railroad charter in North America in 1815. This set forth the future growth of some of the first operational railroads. â€Å"The first railroad charter in North America was granted to John Stevens in 1815. Grants to others followed, and work soon began on the first operational railroads. † (Bellis) By now you can see that the United States and England at this point were in a nose-to-nose race and very alike in the changes that slowly began to shape history. The birth of the Railway in England began in 1758 with an act for establishing agreements between land owners and proprietors for laying down a wagon-way. This act is known as the Middleton Railway Act of 1758, which granted Charles Branding, owner of Middleton Colliery the right to build a wagon-way from his colliery to his coal-yard. â€Å" nd, as the said Coal-mines and Coal-works lie at the Distance of Two Miles and upwards from the said Field or Place called Casson Close, intended for a Coal-yard or Repository for the said coals so to be sold and disposed of, and it will therefore be absolutely necessary, for carrying the said Proposal into Execution, that a Waggon-Way (such as is used for and about the Coal-works and Coal-mines in the counties of Durham and Northumberland) should be made, framed, laid down and continued, between the said Coal-works and the said Casson Close Coal-yard and Repository, in, over, and through, divers Fields, Lands, and Grounds, in the Parish of Leeds, which belong to, and are the Estate and Property of, divers. Persons, the several Owners and Occupiers whereof have consented and agreed that the said Charles Brandling shall and may have the Liberty and Privilege to make, place, and lay down,such Waggon-way or Ways and from time to time, to repair, maintain, and support, the same Waggon-way or Ways † (Middleton Railway Act of 1758 1758, 2) The Middleton railway is claimed to be the oldest railway in the world. This railway shaped and moved history forward and was a major factor in the industrial revolution. In 1830 The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was operating, amongst being one of the oldest railroads in the United States, it was one of the first commercial lines in the world. Without this railroad Baltimore faced serious economic unproductivity. In 1843, the US Congress approved money for the first telegraph line to be installed along the right-of-way with the stipulation that the railroad would be able to use the line after its completion, free of use. Many investors invested their money into this railroad through the purchase of stocks to fund this project. The birth of the locomotive named â€Å"Tom Thumb† was conceived and placed on this railroad. It was the first locomotive built in United States. This railroad project was such a success that it became the standard practice for railroading and modern business. The railroad marvel was starting to take shape in both countries and soon changed the way of transportation for the greater. The development of railroads in the UK and US grew at a quick pace. Like the United States, the United Kingdom had plans of constructing a similar railroad that would travel from London to Birmingham. The London and Birmingham Railway company (Lamp;BR) was established in 1833 and would later became part of a larger railroad company, by the name of the London and North Western Railway (Lamp;NWR). The 112 miles of track that ran from Birmingham to London, was the first intercity line built in London. The Lamp;BR offered many incentives like The Bamp;O did in the United States. The main reasons being; it is more efficient for the delivery of goods and makes sources in different areas much more feasible and accessible. The second reason being; making transportation for people faster and more cost effective. John Francis explains in more detail, â€Å"First, the opening of new and distant sources of supply of provisions to the metropolis; Second, Easy, cheap and expeditious travelling; Third; The rapid and economical interchange of the great articles of consumption and of commerce, both internal and external; and Lastly, the connexion by railways, of London with Liverpool, the rich pastures of the center of England, and the greatest manufacturing districts; and, through the port of Liverpool, to afford a most expeditious communication with Ireland. † (Francis 1851, p. 23) The fairly new development of the railroad system in the United Kingdom and United States was starting to prove a financial success using steam engine locomotives. Not only was it doing well financially, it is far more efficient on transferring goods, and It has a bright future as a regular means of transportation for people traveling long distances. A report was done in Manchester, England by three men, James Walker, Robert Stephenson and Joseph Locke on the advantages and costs of using fixed and mobile stream engines in newly constructed areas of Liverpool and Manchester. The general question submitted for Mr. Rastricks and my consideration may be shortly stated in the following words: What, under all circumstances, is the best description of moving power to be employed upon Liverpool and Manchester Railway? The comparative advantages of the different kinds of power applicable to rail-roads generally, is at the present time a very interesting question, the difficulty and importance of which, as a matter of science, are much in increased by the magnitude of your concern, and by the various considerations necessary to be embraced and balanced previously to arriving at any decision that would be useful to you, or consistent with the confidence you have placed in us. (Walker. 1831) In the Bamp;O Railroad alone the railroads massive profits were being realized. â€Å"†¦ as the railroad grew from a capital of $3 million in 1827 to a large enterprise generating $2. 7 million of annual profit on its 380 miles of track in 1854, with 19 million passenger miles. † (Stover 1987) By the later part of the 19th century The United States and United Kingdom were well on there was to creating and constructing larger railroad systems and merging smaller ones together. With this as the main focus The Unite States fathomed a transcontinental railroad even before the treaty with England was settled, which would answer the questions to the boundary of Oregon. â€Å"The possibility of railroads connecting the Atlantic and Pacific coasts was discussed in the Congress even before the treaty with England which settled the question of the Oregon boundary in 1846. † (Haney 1968, 1908-1910) A railroad network so large; it would stretch from coast to coast connecting the Atlantic and Pacific coasts for the first time. This dream came to reality and was known as the Pacific Railroad. This route was known later as the â€Å"Overland Route†. Cooper 2010, 44-45) With the help of Congress, government bonds and land grants, the Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862 and 1864 made this connection all possible; by connecting existing railroads the dream came into reality and would truly shape history and move it forward exponentially. This railroad system would allow greater communication for the postal service, which was greatly developed in the east but lacked in the west and because of other events that took place in history, like the discovery of Gold in California, the railroad looked more appealing. â€Å"The discovery of gold, the settlement of the frontier, and the success of the eastern railroads increased interest in building a railroad to the Pacific. † (Stover 1961, 53) The railroad shrank the US by linking the separate halves causing an increase in trade opportunities between each coast. The transcontinental railroad gave citizens of the US the increased opportunity to act upon setting out to new territories and take land offers; causing a great acceleration to populate the country. Because of this major event in history, wagon trains were replaced, giving the US the jump start that grew into the backbone of cross-country passenger and freight transportation. While the US was concentrating on the Pacific Railroad, the United Kingdom had a plan as well; the Great Western Railway. The Great Western Railway was the link between England and most of Wales. By 1838 after getting an Act of Parliament in 1835, it ran its first train. Later to become in the Western Region of British Railways in 1947, it had acquired a few nicknames; â€Å"God’s Wonderful Railway† and â€Å"Great Way Round†. After many years of trying to convince parliament to let GWR build new broad gauge line, they finally got and Act that allowed them to complete these updates to the tracks. Because of this it changed the future of Great Western Railway. â€Å"Eventually in 1846 an Act was passed initially preventing the GWR from building new broad gauge lines but a compromise was reached which provided for mixed gauge, with three rails instead of two enabling trains of different gauge to travel the same route. † (Great Western history) Throughout the history of ailways in the United Kingdom there were over 120 small railway companies formed that did not succeed very well, especially when interest rates went up and forced investors to invest in government bonds instead of railways; this caused a big strain on many railroad companies. Eventually interest rates went back down and investors had greater incentive to invest in railroad companies once again. But because of this, over a period of time the government took control of the Great Western Railway and by 1921 had formed an act that would eliminate the competition of small companies, the best interest of the railway would be controlled by the government and according to the region a railway was located it would be placed in one of Four Groups; the â€Å"Big Four†. One of the groups kept the same name; â€Å"Great Western Railway. The other three groups were, â€Å"London, Midland, and Scottish Railway†, â€Å"London and North Eastern Railway†, and â€Å"Southern Railway. † During World War I these four major railway groups were controlled by the government. According to the Act of 1921, 1. -(1) With a view to the reorganization and more efficient and economical working of the railway system of Great Britain railways shall be formed into groups in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and the principal railway companies in each group shall be amalgamated, and other companies absorbed in manner provided by this Act. (Railway Act 1921 1921) In 1948 the â€Å"big four† railway companies were nationalized to form what is known as the result of the Transport Act of 1947; British Railways. While the United States passed an act in 1862 to construct a transcontinental railroad called the Pacific Railroad Acts and The United Kingdom monopolized every small railroad company with the Act of 1921 and later forming British Railways, It is very clear to see how railroads have shaped history as to what it is today. We can notice all throughout Europe and Asia that locomotives are slowly becoming once again a general means of transportation for the ease of human travel; both work and pleasure. It seems that there tends to be a pattern as far as advancements in technology and new sources concerning the United States, and Europe, including the United Kingdom; Europe, making new discoveries or transforming old ideas into something new. Now with new advancements of technologies in electric trains, will the United States be soon to follow the evolving trend that our some of our closest neighbors are creating?